Untitled DocumentBasin recharge/runoff: dynamical data and modeling
Macro Theme Area:
Basin Scale Water Balance [Project ID: B10]
PI:
Chris Duffy
CO-PI(s):
Chris Duffy
Basin focus:
Regional SW, Colorado, Rio Grande
Specific area in
basin /
field sites:
Rio Grande, Rio Salado, Colorado River
Summary/Goals: The focus of this research has 2 parts: 1) to develop a modeling tool and conceptual modeling strategy for partitioning evapotranspiration, recharge, and stream-aquifer exchange for fully coupled basin-scale water balance estimation (funded by NASA and NOAA). The stand-alone model (PIHM) is tightly coupled to a GIS and will estimate dynamic water budgets over user-defined scales. The GIS-model linkage is being done using the Open-Source GIS software Q_GIS. 2) Implementation of the HMS_MOD software for the Rio Salado near the Sevilleta LTER was recently completed (Beeson, 2009). The research will test the hypothesis that integrated models incorporating land surface, soil moisture, groundwater and stream flow processes forecast ungauged basin response. Future work will compare the HMS_MOD code and PIHM. As part of the model development we are incorporating signal processing tools into the package to evaluate regional modes of recharge/discharge from historical hydroclimatic, soil moisture, groundwater levels, and runoff time series. During 2008 we completed the HMS_MOD simulation of surface and groundwater resources of the Rio Salado, and have estimated the evaporation, transpiration, and recharge for the historical record. Results from the ETR (Evaporation-Transpiration-Recharge) arrays are currently being put together in a paper by Beeson as part of his PhD dissertation. A white paper was developed (Duffy et al, 2006) to extend the ETR array concept to instrumentation of the fluxes across the entire boundary layer. The ETR arrays were installed to locally close the water budget and improve estimates of these fluxes within the Rio Grande riparian corridor. The ETR arrays was also used to reference satellite coverage for regional ET estimation (funded by NASA) and Beeson et all have a submitted paper that uses Aster images to define ephemeral-perrenial channel reaches in the Rio Salado. GOALS: 1) submit paper to Hydrologic Processes on the Salado and Los Pinos sites. 2) Flooding has taken out our instruments in the Salado twice and we did not reinstall soil moisture sensors, and observation wells a 3rd time. However, the Rio Salado and the Rio Grande array provided the necessary data and the paper with Cliff Dahm will be submitted in 09. 3) Paper on detecting climate modes in runoff has been submitted. (Kumar and Duffy, 2008) was resubmitted with revisions to Journal of Hydrology 4) Work stimulated by T. Wagener to develop uncertainty component in the PIHM modeling system is continuing. Note: This research bridges the "integrated modeling" and "process-based hydrology" theme areas.
Activities and outcomes during past year:
Yizhong Qu (PhD June 05) has completed the model formulation for the dynamical water balance model (SAHRA funds). The GIS interface is currently being developed to support the model with climatic inputs, soil, groundwater parameters. An unstructured grid generator using both natural coordinates (watershed boundaries) and triangular-irregular-networks has been adopted. Peter Beeson (PhD 09) has completed his dissertation which includes the data-model for the Rio Salado to support community model parameters and climatic inputs (NASA funding).
Mukesh Kumar is carrying out an analysis of historical precipitation-temperature-runoff time series across the Colorado River basin and the Rio Grande for the purpose of isolating the impact of climate oscillations on recharge and runoff in the Southwest. The paper is under review in Journal of Hydrology.
C. Duffy has published a paper on Mountain-Front Recharge for an AGU Monograph on the subject.
Qu has a draft of his first manuscript on the Dynamical Water Balance Model.
Plans for the upcoming year:
A first draft of the data_model was completed in 2005. PIHM_2.0 is continuing with funding from the NSF Critical Zone Observatory with Duffy as PI. We continue to concentrate on community input to add/edit the GIS themes and model data tables. Peter Beeson's PhD research completes the implementation of an integrated model of surface water, groundwater, overland flow (HMS_MOD) in an ungaged basin with an ephemeral channel (Rio Salado). The research shows the importance/utility of integrated models (including channel recharge) to forecasting runoff in ungaged basins. The Salado is an ideal site to carry out the study as the lower basin is on the Sevilletta and the basin was gaged up to the 1980s.
Mukesh Kumar will complete his work on historical climate-recharge-runoff dynamics in the Colorado river and Rio Grande basins.
Thorsten Wagener (co-pi) is providing input to extend uncertainty strategies for the integrated model GIS tool.
Organization Involvement:
The New Mexico Tech-Penn State cooperation is focusing on the Rio Salado data and model development. The Penn State approach is "integrated modeling in ungaged ephemeral basins". New Mexico Tech involves process-based studies and a test-bed for hi-resolution modeling (with Los Alamos).
Shared Resources / Joint Activities:
Sevilletta reserve. Instrumentation on site (with UNM). New instrumentation is planned for 2004. The Rio grande data_model under development will be a major shared resource.
Location: Socorro, NM, N/A
URL: N/A
Los Alamos National Laboratory
Organization Involvement:
Los Alamos, Arizona and Penn State are sharing resources for development of a GIS data_model for the purpose of supporting integrated model parameters. The idea is that models at all resolutions basically require similar model parameter estimates (e.g basin geometry, basin hydrostratigraphy, soil properties, hydrogeologic properties, vegetation parameters, climate records, etc.) The data_model is a SAHRA community effort to design the database and populate it with the most appropriate data for developing multi-scale models.
Shared Resources / Joint Activities:
GIS themes and coverages across the SW.
Location: Los Alamos, NM, N/A
URL: N/A
University of Arizona
Organization Involvement:
Los Alamos, Arizona and Penn State are sharing resources for development of a GIS data_model for the purpose of supporting integrated model parameters. The idea is that models at all resolutions basically require similar model parameter estimates (e.g basin geometry, basin hydrostratigraphy, soil properties, hydrogeologic properties, vegetation parameters, climate records, etc.) The data_model is a SAHRA community effort to design the database and populate it with the most appropriate data for developing multi-scale models.
Shared Resources / Joint Activities:
GIS coverages across the southwest.
Location: Tucson, AZ, N/A
URL: N/A
University of New Mexico
Organization Involvement:
Since 2002, Cliff Dahm UNM, has installed a series of weather stations down the Rio Grande corridor (Cochiti to Bosque del Apache) to quantify ET for each type of riparian vegetation. Penn State and New Mexico Tech (Vivoni) are cooperating with Cliff to install additional peizometers, soil moisture profilers and stream stage sites to improve the estimation of evaporation, tranpiration and recharge fluxes at each site and to asses the relation of ET to groundwater-stream fluxes.
Shared Resources / Joint Activities:
Eddy correlation and ETR arrays (Evaporation, Transpiration, Recharge) are the shared resource. A model is being developed to directly estimate these fluxes from the array and the flux tower data.
Location: Albuquerque, NM, N/A
URL: N/A
MEDIA / PUBLICITY
Program Name / Article Title:
Geotimes/New water model for Southwest
Media Type:
Print
Station / Publisher / Web site:
Geotimes
Date Aired / Published:
August 2004
Source of Publicity:
AGU Monograph article: Groundwaer Recharge in a Desert Environment
